Ukufunda iimbali zemijikelo ezipapashiweyo
Abaqhubi bamashishini abaninzi abaneetafile ezibukhoma bapapasha iimbali ezipheleleyo zemijikelo. Nantsi indlela yokuzifunda, yokuzicoca, nokuba yintoni ezinokuthi kwaye ezingenakukuxelela yona.

Imbali yemijikelo luluhlu lweziphumo ezinamaxesha, kaninzi ngetafile nganye. Iyinto ekrwada yohlalutyo lokuthambekela ukuba, kwaye kuphela ukuba, ichaza intloko yeviliizixhoboIntloko yeviliIgama elifanayo nerotha: inxalenye ejikelezayo ethwele amanani.Funda yonke → enye kwixesha elingenako ukugcinwa kwevili. Uninzi aluyichazi, kwaye uninzi lufutshane kakhulu.
Imbali iqulethe ntoni
Ixesha, igama letafile, isiphumo (0–36), ngamanye amaxesha igama lomqhubi ne-ID yomjikelo. Yincwadi yoko kwabhalwa yiseva yomdlalo, ngoko ichanile. Into engafane ibe kuyo kukuchongwa kwentloko yerothaizixhoboIrothaInxalenye ejikelezayo yevili ethwele izikhewu.Funda yonke → yomzimba ekwelo tafile ngelo xesha, nto leyo efunwa luhlalutyo lokuthambekela, kuba iintloko zitshintshiswa phakathi kwezitya zeviliizixhoboIsitya seviliInxalenye yangaphandle yevili engashukumiyo: umphetho womthi okanye wento edityanisiweyo ogcina umzila webhola ne-apron, ngaphakathi kwawo kujikeleza irotha.Funda yonke →.
Ukucoca idatha
Khangela izithuba (ukugcinwa kwevili, ukuvalwa), ii-ID zemijikelo eziphindiweyo, iziphumo ezingaphandle kwe-0–36 (00 kwitafile yaseMelika, imijikelo yovavanyo), notshintsho ekutshintshisweni kwabaqhubi olunokuphawula ukutshintshwa kwentloko. Yahlula idatha ibe ngamacandelo kuso nasiphi na isithuba esingaphezu kweeyure ezimbalwa; phatha amacandelo njengamavili ahlukeneyo anokwenzeka. Ukuba igama letafile kuphela kwento echongayo, cinga ukuba intloko yatshintshwa ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga.
Ukuqhuba uvavanyo
Kwicandelo ngalinye: i-chi-square kwizikhewu ezingama-37izixhoboIsikhewuEsinye sezikhewu ezingama-37 ezinamanani kwirotha. Kwakhona: slot, cup.Funda yonke → (df 36), amanqaku e-z amacandeloiviliIcandeloIsiqwenga esiqhubekayo sezikhewu evilini, esahlukileyo kwiqela elikwibhodi yokubheja.Funda yonke → ngokolandelelwano lwevili, kunye novavanyo lwe-binomial lwaso nasiphi na isikhewu obusirhanela phambi kokujonga. Emva koko xuba iziphumo ngaphakathi kwecandelo uze uphinde uqhube: izibalo-manani ezixutyiweyo zibonisa ukuba ukungabi namkhethe kukhangeleka njani ngobu bungakanani besampulu kanye, kwaye ukuba izibalo-manani zakho zokwenyani azicacanga ukuba zingaphandle koluhlu oluxutyiweyo, akufumananga nto. Umhlalutyi wokuthambekela kwevili le-roulette wenza oku kwibhrawuza.
Yintoni oza kuyifumana
Ingxolo. Amanani ashushuintsomiInani elishushuInani eliphume kaninzi kunokulindelekileyo kutshanje. Kwivili elinobulungisa alixeli nto.Funda yonke → aphuma ali-13–15 amaxesha kwimijikelo engama-300, amacandelo ku-±1.5 sigma, i-chi-square emalunga nama-36 ± 8. Ngamanye amaxesha icandelo eline-p < 0.05, nto leyo eyenziwa licandelo elinye kwamashumi amabini. Yithathe njengesizathu sokujonga icandelo elilandelayo kwitafile efanayo, kwaye ulindele ukuba linyamalale. Kwiimbali ezilishumi elinambini uya kube ufundile ukuba ukungacwangciswa kukhangeleka njani kubungakanani besampulu bamawaka ambalwa, nto leyo eyeyona iluncedo iLebhu ye-roulette enokuyifundisa.
Iimbali zilungele ntoni
Ukuthelekisa ukubhengeza komqhubi nencwadi yokubhala. Ukulinganisa isantya (imijikelo ngeyure) kubalo lwelahleko elindelekileyo. Ukufunda ingxaki yomhla wokuzalwaizibaloIngxaki yomhla wokuzalwaBangaphi abantu abafunekayo phambi kokuba ababini mhlawumbi babe nomhla wokuzalwa omnye, okanye mingaphi imijikelo phambi kokuba inani mhlawumbi liphinde liphume. Kwivili elinezikhewu ezingama-37, imijikelo esi-8 yanele ukunika ithuba elingaphezulu kwesiqingatha.Funda yonke →, ubude boluhlu lweziphumo nokwabiwa kwamanani ashushu kwidatha yokwenyani. Ukwakha ingqiqo egcina imali: ipateni kwimijikelo engama-500 asiyiyo ipateni. Kwaye, ngokomgaqo, njengephepha lokuqala lencwadana yokuthambekela ukugcinwa kwanamhlanje kwamavili okuya kuyenza iphelelwe lixesha phambi kokuba izale.
Amathuba oluhlu lweziphumo kwi-rouletteIngxaki: ivili lomhla wokuzalwa
Imibuzo
Kunqabile. Imigangatho ibonisa amanani angama-20 kwaye igcina amanye ngaphakathi.
Ukungafihli, nangenxa yokuba abadlali bayacela. Akubaxabisi nto kwivili eligcinwayo.
I-chi-square yecandelo lonke. Ukuba ayinanto ingaqhelekanga, yeka.
Uncumo

Idatha yeyokwenyani. Ivili eliyichazayo lisenokuba alisekho.
Imithombo
- Pearson, K. “On the criterion that a given system of deviations from the probable…”
- Barnhart, R. T. Beating the Wheel.