Imijikelo ye-roulette ezimeleyo
Umjikelo ngamnye uqala ekungabikho nto.
Isiphumo somjikelo omnye asinampembelelo kolandelayo. Lonke ubalo kule sayithi luxhomekeke kule nyaniso.
Kuthetha ntoni ukuzimela
p(obomvuibhejiObomvuIbheji yemali elinganayo kumanani ali-18 abomvu. NgesiFrentshi: rouge.Funda yonke → kumjikelo 2 | obomvu kumjikelo 1) = p(obomvu) = 18/37. Ukuxhomekeka kwimbali akutshintshi nto. Amanani ashushuintsomiInani elishushuInani eliphume kaninzi kunokulindelekileyo kutshanje. Kwivili elinobulungisa alixeli nto.Funda yonke →, amanani abandayointsomiInani elibandayoInani elingakhange liphume imijikelo emininzi. Kwivili elinobulungisa alinalo ulwazi malunga nemijikelo ezayo.Funda yonke → nemibala “efikelwe lixesha” ziinkcazo zexesha elidlulileyo, hayi uqikelelo, kwaye nganye ixhomekeke kwibango lobuxoki lokuba imijikelo ye-roulette ayizimeli. Ngokusesikweni, amathubaizibaloAmathubaIthuba lesiphumo, ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-1 okanye ku-0% ukuya ku-100%. Inani elinye: 1/37 = 2.70%.Funda yonke → adibeneyo alo naluphi na ulandelelwano angumphumo wokuphindaphinda amathuba omjikelo ngamnye, nto leyo ekuphela kwesizathu sokuba umthetho wokuphindaphinda kwiphepha lamathuba uvumeleke.
Kutheni ibango elithi “imijikelo ye-roulette ayizimeli” lingeyonyani ngokwasemzimbeni
IbholaizixhoboIbholaIbhola encinci ephoswa emzileni ngokuchasene nerotha. Iibhola zanamhlanje zenziwe nge-ivorine okanye nge-Teflon, zi-18–21 mm.Funda yonke → iphoswa ngesandla ngesantya esahluka ngeshumi lemitha ngomzuzwana; ijikeleza umzila onokukhuhlana okwahluka ngothuli nokufuma; ibetha isiphambukisiizixhoboIsiphambukisiEsinye sezithintelo zentsimbi kwi-apron ezisasaza ibhola ewayo. Kwakhona: canoe, diamond, pin.Funda yonke → esinye kwezisibhozo nge-engile emiselwa yiyo yonke loo nto; itsiba kwizahluliizixhoboIsahluliIsahluli sentsimbi phakathi kwezikhewu ezimbini evilini.Funda yonke → ezinempembelelo ebhoweni ehamba ngo-1 m/s engalawulekiyo ngokwentsingiselo yobugcisa. Akukho nto ngesiphumo sangaphambili esihlala kwezo zinto ziguquguqukayo. IrothaizixhoboIrothaInxalenye ejikelezayo yevili ethwele izikhewu.Funda yonke → yirotha efanayo, ekuphela kwendawo apho ukuxhomekeka kunokufihlakala khona, kwaye lowo ngumbuzo wokuthambekela kwevili.
Yintoni elandela kuko
Yonke inkqubo yokubheja ngumsebenzi weziphumo ezidlulileyo. Ukuba iziphumo ezidlulileyo azinalwazi ngomjikelo olandelayo, akukho msebenzi unjalo unokuphucula ixabiso elilindelekileyoizibaloIxabiso elilindelekileyoIsiphumo esiphakathi kwibheji nganye ekuhambeni kwexesha elide. −1/37 yebheji kuyo yonke ibheji eqhelekileyo yaseYurophu.Funda yonke → lebheji elandelayo. Le yinguqulelo esesikweni yengxoxo echasene neenkqubo, kwaye kungenxa yoko le nto amaphepha ezicwangciso enokubhalwa kwangaphambili ngeenkqubo ezingekayilwa: ubungqina abuxhomekekanga kumthetho.
Ingasilela nini
Kuphela ukuba ivili belithambekile ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ukukhulula komqhubi bekunokuqikelelwa. Ezo zizihloko zeLebhu ye-roulette. Nalapho, ukuxhomekeka kukwifiziksi, hayi kwiziphumo zangaphambili: isikhewuizixhoboIsikhewuEsinye sezikhewu ezingama-37 ezinamanani kwirotha. Kwakhona: slot, cup.Funda yonke → esithambekileyo sinokwenzeka ngakumbi kuwo wonke umjikelo, hayi ngakumbi emva kokuba “sibandile”. Idatha yemijikelo yangaphambili ibiya kuba bubungqina ngevili, nto leyo eyahlukileyo kwipateni kwiziphumo.
Ukuzimela kukucinga nje
Ukuphindaphinda amathuba kuvumelekile kuphela xa iziganeko zizimele, kwaye ivili le-roulette lifumana elo lungelo ngefiziksi. Kwezinye iindawo kufuneka kuqinisekiswe. Ngo-1999 uSally Clark, igqwetha laseNgilani, wagwetywa ngokubulala oonyana bakhe ababini abaziintsana. Ugqirha wabantwana waxelela ijaji ukuba amathuba okufa kweentsana ezimbini ngequbuliso kusapho olufana nolwakhe ayengu-1 kwizigidi ezingama-73, inani awalifumana ngokuphindaphinda ngokwalo u-1 kwi-8,543, amathuba okufa komnye. Ukuphindaphinda ngokwalo kuphatha ukufa okubini njengemijikelo emibini yevili. Kodwa abazalwana babelana ngemfuza nekhaya, ngoko emva kokufa kokuqala ngequbuliso, okwesibini kunokwenzeka kakhulu kunokuba kwakunjalo okokuqala. I-Royal Statistical Society yakutsho oko esidlangalaleni ngo-2001, kwaye isigwebo sikaClark sabhangiswa kwisibheno sesibini ngo-2003, emva kokuba kuvele ubungqina bezonyango obabungazange buvezwe. UHunacek (2025) usebenzisa eli tyala ukufundisa umthetho exhomekeke kuwo eli phepha: phindaphinda kuphela oko kuzimeleyo.
Ukuzimela kunye neetafile ze-RNG
Iitafile zesoftware zithatha isiphumo ngasinye kwisivelisi samanani angacwangciswanga esiqinisekisiweyo, esivavanyelwa kanye olu phawu: ukuzimela kolandelelwano kwizigidi zokuzoba. Ivili elishukumayo kwiscreen ngumhombiso. Itafile ye-RNG ebonisa ukuxhomekeka ibiya kusilela kwisiqinisekiso, nto leyo eluvavanyo olungqongqo ngakumbi kunalo naluphi na umdlali anokuluqhuba.
Imibuzo
Hayi kwisikhewu. Mhlawumbi, ngokungaguquguquki okukhulu, kwicandeloiviliIcandeloIsiqwenga esiqhubekayo sezikhewu evilini, esahlukileyo kwiqela elikwibhodi yokubheja.Funda yonke → kaninzi kunethamsanqa; jonga uphawu lomqhubi kwiLebhu ye-roulette. Izitudiyo zahlukanisa ukukhulula ukuze zikuthintele.
Kuhlalutyo lokuthambekela kwimijikelo engamawaka, ngokomgaqo. Kumjikelo olandelayo, hayi.
Ukonwaba ngezibalo
Qala uzizame ngokwakho. Isisombululo ngasinye sisongiwe; sivule xa ukulungele.
Ibheji ebekwe ngaphambi kwemijikelo emibini ihlawula imali elinganayo ukuba inani lesibini liphezulu kunelokuqala. Ukulingana kuyalahleka, kwaye u-0 ubalwa njengelona nani liphantsi. Ibiza malini kwivili laseYurophu?
Bonisa isisombululo
Impendulo Ngqo i-2.70%, efana nobomvuibhejiObomvuIbheji yemali elinganayo kumanani ali-18 abomvu. NgesiFrentshi: rouge.Funda yonke →.
Imijikelo emibini izimele, ngoko inani lesibini linamathuba alinganayo okuba phezulu kunelokuqala nokuba phantsi. Enye kuphela imeko kukulingana, inani elifanayo kabini, ngamathubaizibaloAmathubaIthuba lesiphumo, ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-1 okanye ku-0% ukuya ku-100%. Inani elinye: 1/37 = 2.70%.Funda yonke → ali-1/37.
Ngoko ibheji iphumelela ngamathuba (1 − 1/37)/2 = 18/37, ngqo ithuba lobomvu, kwaye ibiza i-2.70% efanayo.
Ukuba ubunokuyibeka emva kokubona inani lokuqala ibiya kuba sisipho: emva ko-0 iphumelela izihlandlo ezingama-36 kwezingama-37. Yiyo loo nto ibheji enje kufuneka ivalwe ngaphambi komjikelo wokuqala.
Uncumo
Umjikelo ngamnye uqala ekungabikho nto. Lonke ubalo apha luxhomekeke koku.
Imithombo
- Feller, W. An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications, Vol. 1.
- Small, M. & Tse, C. K. “Predicting the outcome of roulette.”
- Hunacek, M. Quantitative Literacy Through Games and Gambling.
- Royal Statistical Society. “Statement regarding statistical issues in the Sally Clark case.”