Indlela yokusebenza
Indlela elenziwa ngayo lonke inani kule sayithi, ukuze nawuphi na kuwo uphinde wenziwe.
Onke amanani athatha ukuba ivili laseYurophu lilungile: izikhewu ezingama-37 ezinamathuba alinganayo, imijikelo ezimeleyoizibaloImijikelo ezimeleyoUmjikelo ngamnye unamathuba afanayo nokuba imbali injani na. Isiseko sazo zonke izibalo kule sayithi.Funda yonke →, intlawuloimaliIntlawuloOko ibheji ephumeleleyo ikubuyisayo, okuxelwa njengo-“X ku-1” ngaphezulu kwebheji ebuyisiweyo.Funda yonke → engu-36/n − 1, akukho la partageumthethoLa partageUmthetho wesiFrentshi: xa kuphuma iqanda, isiqingatha sebheji yemali elinganayo siyabuyiswa. Sisika inzuzo yekhasino kwezo bheji ibe sisiqingatha, yi-1.35%.Funda yonke → ngaphandle kokuba kuchaziwe. Izilinganiso zisebenzisa ijenereyitha enembewu kwaye zichaza imbewu yazo nobungakanani besampulu.
Amanani afumaneka ngefomula
AmathubaizibaloAmathubaIthuba lesiphumo, ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-1 okanye ku-0% ukuya ku-100%. Inani elinye: 1/37 = 2.70%.Funda yonke → = amanani agubungelweyo / 37. Ixabiso elilindelekileyoizibaloIxabiso elilindelekileyoIsiphumo esiphakathi kwibheji nganye ekuhambeni kwexesha elide. −1/37 yebheji kuyo yonke ibheji eqhelekileyo yaseYurophu.Funda yonke → = −ibheji/37. UkwahlukaizibaloUkwahlukaUmlinganiselo wokuba iziphumo zisasazeke kangakanani zijikeleze ixabiso elilindelekileyo. Kuphezulu kwibheji yenani elinye, kuphantsi kwiibheji zemali elinganayo.Funda yonke → kwiyunithiimaliIyunithiIbheji esisiseko esetyenziswa yinkqubo okanye ngumdlali. Ukunyuswa kweebheji kuchazwa ngeeyunithi ukuze kusebenze kuyo nayiphi na itafile.Funda yonke → nganye = p·W² + (1 − p) − EV². Uthotho lweziphumo: (18/37)ᵏ. Umngcipheko wokuphelelwa yimaliizibaloUmngcipheko wokuphelelwa yimaliAmathuba okulahlekelwa yimali yokudlala yonke phambi kokufikelela kwinjongo okanye kwinani lemijikelo.Funda yonke →: ifomula ye-gambler’s ruin ene-p = 18/37. Uqikelelo lobungakanani besampulu: uqikelelo oluqhelekileyo (normal approximation) lovavanyo lomlinganiselo omnye kwi-α = 0.05 kwicala elinye namandla angama-80%.
Izilinganiso
Iiseshoni ze-Monte Carlo zisebenzisa iibheji zemali elinganayoibhejiIbheji yemali elinganayoObomvu/omnyama, angalinganiyo/alinganayo, aphezulu/aphantsi. Amanani ali-18, ihlawula u-1:1.Funda yonke → ezinamathuba okuphumelela angama-18/37. Iibheji zinqunyelwe kumda wetafileitafileUmda wetafileIbheji encinci nenkulu evumelekileyo. Ubuninzi yinto emisa ukunyuswa kweebheji okuphindaphindayo.Funda yonke → nakwi-mali yokudlalaimaliImali yokudlalaIsixa esipheleleyo esibekelwe ukudlala. Ulawulo lwemali yokudlala kukugqiba ukuba ingakanani kuyo oyibeka emngciphekweni kwibheji nganye nakwiseshoni nganye.Funda yonke → eseleyo; iseshoni iyaphela xa kufikwe kwinani lemijikelo okanye xa imali iphelile. Imithetho yokunyuswa kweebhejiisicwangcisoUkunyuswa kweebhejiNawuphi na umthetho otshintsha ibheji ngokweziphumo zangaphambili. Ukunyuswa okubi kuyinyusa emva kwelahleko, okuhle emva kokuphumelela.Funda yonke → ibhalwe kwiphepha ngalinye lesicwangciso. Imbewu imiselwe ukuze isetingi ethile iphinde ivelise into efanayo kutyelelo ngalunye; isilinganisi seseshoni sibonisa imbewu yaso njengenombolo yeseshoni.
Uvavanyo lwezibalo-manani
Amaphepha okuthambekela kwevili asebenzisa uvavanyo lukaPearson lwe-chi-square goodness-of-fit enamaqondo enkululekoilebhuAmaqondo enkululeko (degrees of freedom)Inani lamaxabiso azimeleyo kwizibalo-manani. Kuvavanyo lwe-chi-square kwizikhewu ezingama-37 ngama-36, kuba izibalo kufuneka zidibane zibe sisixa esipheleleyo.Funda yonke → angama-36. I-p-valueilebhup-valueAmathuba okubona ukutenxa okukhulu ubuncinci njengokubonwayo ukuba ivili belinobulungisa.Funda yonke → ivela kumsebenzi we-regularized incomplete gamma. Uvavanyo lwecandeloiviliIcandeloIsiqwenga esiqhubekayo sezikhewu evilini, esahlukileyo kwiqela elikwibhodi yokubheja.Funda yonke → luxela ukutenxa ngokutenxa okuqhelekileyo (standard deviation)izibaloUkutenxa okuqhelekileyo (standard deviation)Ingcambu yesikwere yokwahluka; umgama oqhelekileyo wesiphumo ukusuka kwixabiso elilindelekileyo.Funda yonke → kwe-binomial ene-p = izikhewuizixhoboIsikhewuEsinye sezikhewu ezingama-37 ezinamanani kwirotha. Kwakhona: slot, cup.Funda yonke →/37.
Ukusondeza
Iipesenti ziboniswa ngamanani amabini emva kwechaphaza, imali ukuya kwisenti, kwaye iisenti ziyashiywa kwizixa zeedola ezipheleleyo. Izibalo eziphakathi azisondezwa.
Uncumo
Lonke inani apha linokuphinda libalwe kwaye liphume lifana.